:Affirmatives have existential import, and negatives do not.
2.
Special pleading subverts an assumption of existential import.
3.
In case where existential import is assumed, quantification implies the existence of at least one subject, unless disclaimed.
4.
Part of the difficulty is that there are puzzles regarding the " existential import " of the propositions of Aristotelian logic.
5.
The first-order predicate calculus avoids such ambiguity by using formulae that carry no existential import with respect to universal statements.
6.
If it is ruled that no universal statement has existential import then the square of opposition fails in several respects ( e . g.
7.
In the existential fallacy, " we presuppose that a class has members " when we are not supposed to do so; that is, when we should not assume existential import.
8.
Also, the quantifiers are given their usual objectual readings, so that a positive existential statement has existential import, while a universal one does not . ) An analogous case concerns the empty conjunction and the empty disjunction.
9.
For example, if it is accepted that AiB is false if there are no As and AaB entails AiB, then AiB has existential import with respect to A, and so does AaB . Further, if it is accepted that AiB entails BiA, then AiB and AaB have existential import with respect to B as well.
10.
For example, if it is accepted that AiB is false if there are no As and AaB entails AiB, then AiB has existential import with respect to A, and so does AaB . Further, if it is accepted that AiB entails BiA, then AiB and AaB have existential import with respect to B as well.
मोबाइल